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Divorce is one of the most stressful things a person has to go through in his or her lifetime, and its financial aspect only worsens it.
Alimony, also called spousal maintenance, is another critical factor to consider. If you are going through a divorce in South Carolina, you must know how alimony works to prepare for it.
Maintenance is intended to enable a spouse who is financially vulnerable due to the dissolution of the marriage to be financially supported.
Whether you are the spouse seeking alimony or the spouse who may be ordered to pay alimony, it is important to know the statutes and rules governing alimony in South Carolina to get a favorable outcome in your case.
Alimony, or spousal support, is a legal obligation for one spouse to provide financial support to the former spouse after a divorce or separation.
The primary purpose of alimony is to mitigate the economic impact of divorce by ensuring that the lower-earning or non-earning spouse can maintain a standard of living reasonably comparable to what was established during the marriage.
Alimony is not intended as a punishment or a reward but rather as a means of providing financial stability to the spouse who may be at an economic disadvantage following the dissolution of the marriage.
It helps to ensure that one spouse does not suffer undue hardship while the other remains financially secure that’s why spousal support payments are important.
Spousal support or alimony is a legal tool intended to deal with situations where there may be a change in the couple’s financial position upon the dissolution of marriage.
Its main aim is to safeguard the standard of living of the economically weaker or a spouse who depended on the other for financial provisions after the dissolution of marriage. Alimony closes the income gap; the receiving party can get a job, establish himself or herself, or live the same life as when married.
Temporary or permanent, alimony is used to correct inequality or to restore economic equilibrium after the dissolution of the marriage.
Bridge the Income Gap: Alimony is useful for the receiving spouse as it assists him or her in moving from a joint income to a separate income.
Support Rehabilitative Efforts: At times, alimony is given to enable the other spouse to complete education, training, or skills that will allow him or her to be financially independent.
Compensate for Contributions: Alimony can also be used as reimbursement for services done in the marriage such as catering for the education or the career of the other spouse or even maintaining the home while the other spouse worked.
There are different types of alimony in South Carolina, each intended to meet particular needs and situations of the spouses to be divorced.
It is important to understand the various forms of alimony, especially for the one who wants to be supported and the one who will be supported. Here’s a breakdown of the multiple types of alimony available in South Carolina.
Permanent Periodic Alimony
Permanent periodic alimony is one of the types in the divorce law which is paid at periodic intervals depending on the court’s order, which is usually every month, for the support of the receiving spouse.
This is usually provided in long-term marriages where the earning capacities of the couple are vastly different and the receiving spouse cannot become financially independent.
It is usually employed when one of the spouses has been out of the workforce for a long time or has poor chances of finding a job.
Permanent periodic alimony is meant to be paid indefinitely; however, it will stop if the receiving spouse remarries or lives with a new partner or if the paying spouse dies.
Rehabilitative Alimony
Rehabilitative alimony is given to make the receiving spouse economically independent. It offers funds for a certain time as the other spouse goes to school, gets trained, or finds a job that will enable him or her to become financially stable.
This alimony type is short-term, and the duration is typically tied to the timeframe within which the receiving spouse completes his or her educational or vocational program.
It is usually determined by the time the receiving spouse will be required to acquire the necessary skills or qualifications to seek employment or rejoin the workforce.
Rehabilitative alimony is given where the marriage is not protracted, and the recipient can work but with some support.
Reimbursement Alimony
Reimbursement alimony compensates one spouse for expenses incurred in enhancing the former spouse’s education, training, or employment.
This type of alimony is usually given in cases, where one of the spouses supported the other through school or training, expecting to receive the corresponding financial benefit in return, but it failed due to divorce.
Reimbursement alimony can be paid in a single payment or installments over a set time. It is not paid as an anticipation of what the former spouse will need in the future but as recognition of previous expenditure.
Lump-Sum Alimony
Lump-sum alimony is a single payment made by one spouse to the other, whereby the payment seeks to meet the alimony obligation in one go. The rationale of this type of alimony is to offer a sense of closure and finality to the payments.
Lump-sum alimony is usually awarded when there is a need to cut the connection of financial dependence between the spouses instantly, or when the non-earning spouse can receive a huge amount at once.
It may also be given when the other spouse requires some ready cash for a particular use for instance to buy a house or clear some bills.
Separate Maintenance and Support
Alimony and maintenance are different forms of monetary contribution given to one spouse when they are not living together but are not yet divorced. It is like alimony, but it can only be awarded when the couple is separated and does not intend to end the marriage.
This type of support is given when a man and a woman have separated physically but are still legally married.
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In deciding on the type and amount of alimony South Carolina courts consider the following factors to arrive at a fair and reasonable decision for both parties.
These factors are supposed to reflect the parties’ financial situation, probable financial requirements, and the general conditions of the marriage and its possible dissolution. Here’s a closer look at the key legal criteria considered
Duration of the Marriage
The duration of the marriage is also considered in the determination of alimony awards. Normally, marriages going on for a long time are more likely to have an alimony award, particularly permanent or long-term alimony.
This is because, as the period of marriage increases, a couple’s financial affairs become more entangled and one of the partners may become financially reliant on the other.
The age and physical/mental status of each of the spouses
The age and health of both spouses are some of the most important factors that must be considered. Physical ailment or old age may mean that a spouse cannot work and provide for him or herself, and this is where alimony comes in handy.
On the other hand, a young and healthy spouse may be required to find a job and become economically productive much faster.
Standard of Living During the Marriage
Courts try to make both individuals live a lifestyle that is as close to the lifestyle they had during marriage as possible. This, however, does not mean that both spouses will have to go on living their lives as they did during the marriage; however, the court will attempt to ensure that the difference in the financial status of both spouses is as small as possible.
Each Spouse’s Income and Earning Potential
Each spouse’s current and foreseeable future income is considered. This encompasses their present remunerations or wages, education level, skills, working experience, and expected employment in the future.
A large dissimilarity in earnings capacity may result in an award of alimony to equalize the parties’ incomes.
Spousal support, which is supposed to help pay bills after the divorce, is not permanent. However, there are certain conditions under which alimony may be set aside, or altered in South Carolina.
Paying and receiving spouses must have proper knowledge of these conditions to manage their financial lives better.
Grounds for Modification
Alimony can be changed when circumstances change significantly and impact the financial position of either of the couple. Common grounds for modification include
Significant Change in Income
If the paying spouse has been unfortunately laid off from work, demoted, or retired, then the court may decrease the amount paid in alimony. On the other hand, if the recipient spouse’s income rises, the supporting spouse may ask for a decrease in alimony.
Changes in Financial Needs
Alimony may be reduced if, for instance, the receiving spouse has secured a job, has been given a legacy, or has received a windfall.
Health Issues
Either, if there is a change in the health status of either of the spouses, the marriage can undergo modification. If the paying spouse becomes ill and has to spend a lot of money on medical bills, then he/she can approach the court to reduce the amount of alimony.
Cost of Living Adjustments
The increase in cost of living is another reason since the initial alimony order may have yet to consider inflation or increasing cost of living.
Alimony does not always continue indefinitely and can be terminated under certain conditions. Alimony does not always continue indefinitely and can be terminated under certain conditions:
Remarriage of the Recipient
Alimony usually ceases if the receiving spouse gets a divorce and marries again. The court considers the new marriage to be a change in circumstances regarding the financial aspect of the new marriage, in which the new spouse is expected to contribute to the economic needs of the receiving spouse.
Cohabitation
When the receiving spouse lives with another person in a marital-like relationship, the court can stop alimony. The new partner is expected to bring in an income, cohabitation is seen to be similar to remarriage.
Death of Either Spouse
The death of either the payer or the payee terminates maintenance payments. The responsibility of paying does not pass on to the deceased’s estate unless the order is provided during the divorce process.
Court Order
The court can also stop alimony if the circumstances which led to the grant of alimony are no longer there or have significantly changed.
Requesting a modification or termination of alimony involves several legal steps.
Filing a Petition
The spouse who wants a change or complete cessation of alimony must file a petition with the family court that awarded the alimony in the first place.
This petition must state why there is a need for the change and should include supporting documents of the new change in circumstances.
Serving the Petition
The petition must be delivered to the other spouse, and the latter is allowed to reply. The response may contain arguments against the modification or the termination.
Both parties may be required to come up with convincing reasons why the modification or termination should or should not be done.
Court Hearing
A hearing will be set and both parties must come and state their case. The judge will go through the evidence, which may include; financial statements, people’s statements, and other evidence deemed relevant by the judge.
Judicial Decision
Thus, the judge will determine whether or not to grant the modification or termination based on the presented evidence.
The judge’s decision will be made based on whether the requested change is reasonable and warranted in light of the circumstances.
Appeals
Should the plaintiff or defendant not be satisfied with the court’s verdict, an appeal is possible.
Appeals are rather intricate, and the appellant must prove that the judge made a legal mistake during the trial.
Alimony has some tax implication laws and is another important area of the tax code that the payor and the recipient must be aware of alterations in federal tax laws and state laws governing alimony that affect how the payments are treated financially.
Federal Tax Changes
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), which took effect on January 1, 2019, brought significant changes to the tax treatment of alimony.
Alimony is No Longer Taxable Income for the Recipient
Thus, under the TCJA, the alimony payments made under divorce or separation agreements entered into after the date of enactment, that is, January 1, 2019, are not tax-deductible for the payer.
This is a new approach from the previous law in which the payer could claim deductions on the amount of alimony they paid to the payee and this was usually associated with large tax reliefs.
Likewise, under the new law, the receiving spouse does not have to include alimony as a taxable income. Before, alimony recipients were forced to add the payments to their gross income which could place them in a higher tax bracket.
Grandfathering of Pre-2019 Agreements
Also, it is necessary to mention that these changes will only affect the divorce or separation agreements made and signed after December 31, 2018.
Any agreements signed before this date tend to fall under the previous tax laws unless the deal has been renegotiated after 2018 and the new tax laws are stated in the new deal.
Implications for Negotiating Alimony
The introduction of the TCJA has an impact on alimony negotiations. Due to the reform where tax deductions for the paying spouse have been removed, there might be less motivation to accept paying larger amounts of alimony.
These tax considerations should also be considered when negotiating for alimony.
While federal tax laws have shifted under the TCJA, it’s also important to understand how alimony is treated at the state level: While federal tax laws have shifted under the TCJA, it’s also important to understand how alimony is treated at the state level:
Federal Tax Treatment Is Followed in South Carolina
As for the federal tax treatment of alimony, South Carolina generally follows it. Thus, on the state level, alimony payments are not tax-deductible by the payer and are not considered the recipient’s gross income.
This means that the federal tax changes that came with the TCJA also apply when calculating the state taxes of South Carolina.
Consequences of State Income Taxes
Since under South Carolina law alimony is not considered taxable income for the recipient, it does not contribute to the recipient’s South Carolina taxable income.
Likewise, the payer cannot claim these payments when filing the South Carolina state taxes, as with the federal taxes.
Consideration for Pre-2019 Agreements
As for the agreements made before January 1, 2019, South Carolina may continue recognizing the federal tax treatment, according to which alimony is deductible for the payer and taxable for the recipient as under the prior rules.
This can produce some confusion and therefore it is recommended that one seek the services of a tax expert if their alimony arrangement fits this description.
Potential Future Changes
Since tax laws are constantly changing, one should monitor any future changes at both the federal and state levels regarding the tax treatment of alimony.
It is recommended to consult with a tax advisor or attorney regularly to ensure one complies with all the requirements and uses all the available opportunities to manage the taxes effectively.
How Our Spartanburg Alimony Support Lawyers Can Help You
Divorce is generally regarded as a painful and costly procedure, however, with proper legal assistance it is much easier.
At Max Hyde Law Firm, our divorce lawyers will help you through the entire process, making sure you get the best legal representation. Here’s how we can help.
Comprehensive Legal Guidance
Divorce encompasses a vast array of legal matters such as the distribution of property, child support, and spousal support. Our lawyers explain to you the legal position and all the available legal remedies.
We guide you through all the legal issues related to family law and provide you with concise and understandable legal advice that will be suitable for your case.
Skillful Negotiation and Mediation
Most issues concerning divorce can be discussed and agreed on with the help of a lawyer or mediator and do not necessarily require trial.
The divorce lawyers that we have are very good negotiators who seek to get the best results without having to go to trial. We advocate for you by ensuring you come to mutually agreed terms on issues like the distribution of properties, child support, and spousal support.
Aggressive Representation in Court
If your divorce case proceeds to trial, our attorneys are ready to represent you in court. We establish well-grounded arguments to support your side of the case having conducted comprehensive research.
No matter whether the divorce is bitter or you are having a dispute over child custody or the distribution of properties, our lawyers will fight for your rights and ensure you get the best result.
Personalized Support and Communication
It has been established that divorce is a very sensitive matter and that is why we respect the clients’ decision.
With us, you can be sure that your questions will be answered and you will be updated at every stage of the work. We foster the free flow of information, making sure that you are always encouraged and comfortable with the decisions that are being made.
Safeguarding Your Financial Future
Alimony issues are generally one of the most difficult aspects of the divorce process and must be solved. The consequences are of a financial nature which may influence your financial situation in the future.
This is why it is not only beneficial to have an experienced attorney on your side, but it is necessary. An attorney is not just a source of legal information but also advice and planning based on your specific case and the laws in your area regarding alimony.
We are a team of professionals committed to the individual approach to every client who comes to us. Stay out of this procedure on your call Max Hyde Law Firm at (864) 804-6330 now and book a free consultation to guide you to protect your money.
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